Talas
river basin
Agriculture and animal husbandry
The number of main livestock species, in recent years, has a stable growth of horses (11%) and sheep (13%). The load of bovine and horses per 1 ha (673.5 thousand ha) of pastures in Talas oblast is quite high and amounts to 10 and 26 heads, respectively, the load of sheep and goats is also quite high, amounting to 123 heads.
The share in the total republican volume of gross agriculture, forestry and fishery production in Talas oblast only 9%. The irrigated agriculture is well developed in the basin. The main cultivated crops: cereals, vegetables, potatoes, beans, corn, perennial grasses. One of the main crops is beans, the area under crops of which is about 40% of the total area of cultivated crops.
CURRENT SITUATION
According to the estimated data, the actual population of Talas oblast, at the end of 2021, amounted to 266.9 thousand people, the permanent population was 274.0 thousand people. Of these, 85.0 percent lived in villages, and 15.0 percent in urban settlements. In 2017-2021, there was an increase in the number of resident population by 15.0 thousand people or by 5.8 %.
Industry
Over the past five years (2017-2021), the industrial sector of Talas oblast has seen an increase in production volumes, which is mainly due to an increase in its output at the enterprises that produce main metals. The volume of industrial production, in current prices, in 2021 amounted to more than KGS 15 billion, the physical volume index compared to 2020 amounted to 95.0 percent.
An increase in average annual air temperature is observed in all climatic zones and oblasts of the KR, as well as in all altitudinal zones. For the entire period of observations on the r.r. Talas, Urmaral, Kumyshtag and Kurkureusu have positive annual gradients of changes in average annual discharges, for the observation period of 1990-2018, gradients on the r.r. Talas and Kumyshtag increased by 2-5 times.
An increase in average annual air temperature is observed in all climatic zones and oblasts of the KR, as well as in all altitudinal zones. For the entire period of observations on the r.r. Talas, Urmaral, Kumyshtag and Kurkureusu have positive annual gradients of changes in average annual discharges, for the observation period of 1990-2018, gradients on the r.r. Talas and Kumyshtag increased by 2-5 times.
Use of water resources
The annual water abstraction from surface sources, including groundwater, in the Talas river basin territories is about 1 bln.m3, of which about 700 mln.m3 is used for various water consumption needs.
Sampling of water use on the territory of the Talas basin (million m/cubic meter)
No Data Found
WATER ABSTRUCTION and use for 2017-2021
WATER LOSSES FOR 2017-2021
Of the annual water abstraction volume, about 99% is used for irrigation, 1% of water is used mainly for household and drinking needs.
No Data Found
WATER CONSUMPTION STRUCTURE FOR 2021
Projected climate change
climate change
In the period 2021-2050, the annual air temperature is expected to increase by 1.5 - 1.9°C (optimistic and pessimistic scenarios) compared to the baseline climate in 1981-2010. The greatest increase in temperature is expected in the summer period - by 1.7 - 2.2°С, in the remaining seasons of the year, an increase in temperature is expected comparable to the forecast for annual temperature increase. According to the research results, under the expected climate change, the glaciers in the r.b. Talas will gradually degrade, and by 2100 may be completely depleted.
Quantitave indicators
Based on chronological graphs of changes in the average annual water discharges of the r.r. Talas, Urmaral, Kumyshtag and Kurkuroo in r.b. Talas, regression equations and trends in river flow changes for the next 10 years were obtained, which made it possible to determine the quantitative indicators of the runoff for the period up to 2028, according to which it should be assumed that the runoff of these rivers will also increase. It is obvious that the process of increase in runoff will continue until the complete depletion of glaciation in these river basins, presumably by 2100. The quantitative assessment of moisture demonstrated that for unfavorable climatic scenarios, almost the entire KR’s territory, occupied by arable lands, falls into the zone of deserts and semi-deserts. The area of semi-deserts will increase in the KR’s territory by 1.8-2.1 times, and in Talas oblast by 1.4-1.6 times.
emergency situations
For emergency situations such as: mudflows, floods, mountain lakes break-throughs, the increase is also expected, characterized by a shift in maximum probability of highly-likely emergency situations, towards increased frequency. The consequences of climate change are unfavorable for the economy of the basin and, first of all, for agriculture, public health and natural systems, which determines the need for adaptation actions. The consequences of climate change are unfavorable for the r.b. economy and, first of all, for agriculture, public health and natural systems, which determines the need for adaptation actions.
Existing issues and remedies
- Beans are a monoculture, which makes it difficult to deliver the irrigation water to all water users in a timely manner. The yield of beans is insufficient. Comply with cropping pattern/rotation, replacing beans with other crops, in particular corn.
Condition of an irrigation system: Of the 560.3 km of irrigation canals, 30.2 km or 6% are in poor condition, mainly in the Manas and Karabura rayons.
Land degradation: Irrigated lands in unsatisfactory condition account for 5% of the total area of irrigated lands:
The development of Talas river basin will be carried out in the following directions:
Agriculture
The basin is the most important producer of agricultural products. Therefore, the main directions for development should be the increase in productivity in agriculture and the depth of raw materials processing. It is necessary to build the capacity of the processing industry, develop transport infrastructure, and improve irrigation systems. The development of processing industry will require investment.
Animal husbandry
For development of this industry, it is necessary to take measures to improve the thoroughbred stock, improve the quality of veterinary services, and improve the fodder base.
Development of mining industry
The basin has large natural resources and is attractive to investors in terms of field development. The sustainable development of the basin in these areas will be achieved by creating the favorable environment, preventing degradation of ecological systems, preserving biological diversity, and introducing energy and resource-saving technologies. Also, the health and prosperity of the population directly depend on the environment. One of the main ways to improve the quality of life, health and increase life expectancy of the population is to reduce the adverse impact of environmental factors, and improve the surrounding environmental indicators.
development tendency of The Talas river basin
